Search Results for culture
Abstract
The study aimed to study and diagnose the nature of the relationship between accounting education practices and the process of developing the level of accounting culture for universities output. The study was based on a main hypothesis that states the existence of advanced accounting educational practices at the theoretical & practical level and provision of all human , physical capabilities to achieve this purpose, may reflect in achieving a set of positive results, the most important of which is to support the local labor market with a group of accountants who possess the highest possible level of accounting culture and who can be relied upon to accomplish the accounting tasks and duties assigned to them in the best possible way. Three sub-hypotheses have been derived and formulated that emphasize, the existence of a moral correlation with statistically significant between advanced accounting education practices at the theoretical & practical levels applied in universities and the process of developing, raising the level of accounting culture for accountants. In order to accomplish the aims of the study and test the validity of the hypotheses related, a group of professors in accounting sciences serving in the accounting departments of Iraqi governmental universities for the academic year (2020-2021) , a group of graduates accounting departments of Iraqi universities for the academic years (2010-2020) and employers serving in a group of governmental and private banks in Iraq were selected to represent the study sample, by designing three questionnaires distributed to each group in a stratified random way , then in order to analyze the data collected and measure the relevant variables of the study, a set of relevant statistical methods and procedures was selected and adopted.
The study reached a set of conclusions and recommendations, the most important of which are that modern accounting education practices are not the only tools or source for developing the level of accounting culture, as there are other sources of accounting culture, including the accumulated experience of practicing the accounting profession, the accounting media represented by means of accounting communications, cultural publications, and scientific issued of accounting councils responsible for presenting accounting concepts and ideas to society in general and the accounting community in particular, despite the multiplicity of these sources, accounting education practices remain the main and most influential source for the accounting profession, which requires the availability of efficient staff of accounting to ensure accurate application and correct interaction by students, in addition the study recommended the necessity to achieving an acceptable level of compatibility between curriculum , procedures applied by scientific accounting departments and accounting legislation , rules issued by Professional accounting councils and boards in order to contribute in developing the level of accounting culture for universities output in accordance with the requirements of the labor market's needs and wishes in the best possible way.
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the impact of organizational culture promotion mechanisms on the adoption of environmentally friendly technologies in the Iraqi Ministries of Environment and Industry and Minerals. While the impact of organizational culture has been extensively studied, its specific effect on the adoption of environmentally friendly technologies has not been previously investigated, which constitutes the epistemological problem addressed by this study. Furthermore, the Iraqi environment suffers from a lack of applied studies and empirical evidence related to environmental sustainability. Therefore, this study seeks to answer the central question: What is the impact of organizational culture promotion mechanisms on the adoption of environmentally friendly technologies? This study was conducted in the Iraqi Ministries of Environment and Industry and Minerals. Data were collected from a purposive sample of 110 senior administrative leaders in these ministries.
The study employed an inductive approach and used a descriptive-analytical method to present and analyze its data. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and Amos software. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to verify the quality of the study instrument and model. Descriptive analytical tools such as the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation were used to present, analyze, and interpret the study data. Simple regression was used to test the hypotheses.
The study concluded that the mechanisms adopted to enhance organizational culture constitute an integrated and interconnected system that fosters an organizational environment supportive of adopting environmentally friendly technologies. These mechanisms have a cumulative and interactive impact on promoting environmental values and transforming them from mere theoretical concepts into daily organizational practices. When leadership adopts exemplary environmental behaviors and expresses a clear commitment, designs reward systems to encourage green practices, creates a flexible organizational culture adaptable to technological changes, uses rituals and symbols that reinforce environmental identity, and provides training programs that develop environmental awareness and skills, they collectively create a profound cultural shift. This shift makes the adoption of environmentally friendly technologies not merely a response to external demands, but an integral part of the organizational identity and an automatic behavior for employees at all levels.
Abstract
Entrepreneurial education is currently a fundamental requirement for developing students' abilities and talents, equipping them with academic and practical skills and expertise, and preparing them to keep pace with emerging developments by fostering a culture of entrepreneurship toward creativity and innovation.
The current study aims to demonstrate the importance of universities' orientation towards formulating entrepreneurial educational goals and programs for the purpose of developing creativity and innovation by supporting the spirit of entrepreneurial culture among students and encouraging competition to discover entrepreneurs and innovators by encouraging and developing entrepreneurship programs in university educational institutions. The research relies on the use of the descriptive analytical approach and the pursuit of benefiting from international experiences in this field to formulate educational goals towards developing a culture of creativity and innovation Directing the university's vision and mission and transforming them into successful entrepreneurial practices by linking education to practical reality so that the university can play a pioneering role that influences society by preparing graduates who carry a culture of creativity and innovation to achieve sustainable development goals. One of the most important results of the research is the need to direct university policies towards preparing educational programs that enhance the skills of creative students, and encourage students to generate entrepreneurial ideas and transform them into entrepreneurial projects to achieve sustainable development goals and reduce poverty and unemployment.
Abstract
The aim of the research is to know the impact of the process of selecting human resources on the organizational culture in the Iraqi Ministry of Health. The descriptive statistical analytical method was used on the sample members from the health sector, which numbered 229 from the staff working in the ministry. The research found a direct impact on the selection of human resources in The Ministry of Health focuses on organizational culture, and the research recommended the need to work on developing good programs and standards for the process of attracting, selecting and appointing human resources to work in order to be in line with the organizational culture in the health institution.
Abstract
The article considers the historical foundations of Iraq for ensuring environmental and economic sustainability in the context of digitalization. The article presents facts about the contribution of the thousand-year-old culture of Iraq to world culture and the relevance of this contribution in solving the problems of sustainable development. A critical assessment of training technologies and the application of popular neural networks is given. It is proposed to use the experience of Belarus in planning and implementing strategic projects in Belarus in relation to the conditions of global digitalization and to use the results of Belarusian scientists in linguistic analysis of texts to create national neural networks. The importance of an ecosystem approach in solving the problems of socio-economic development of the country is emphasized. The relevance and necessity of appropriate training of personnel for the digital economy, the most important part of which in modern conditions is digital culture and the formation of a national market for high-quality data is substantiated.
Abstract
The concept of e-tax filing is introduced by the e-government that motivates the use of
ICT (information and communication technology), specifically they focus on the usage of the
internet-related application to run an activity. The current study is aimed to understand the
acceptance of e-tax by the consumers. The impact of attitude towards adopting e-tax,
subjective norm, perceived behavioural control on intention of electric e-tax. The current
study uses the close-ended questionnaire to conduct the survey and to collect the responses
from the contributors. The total number of a questionnaire that was supposed to be filled by
the participant was 193. All the construct uses a five-point Likert scale. All variables of TPB
are regressed with adoption intention to analyse whether TPB variables have any significant
impact on adoption intention. Thus we can conclude that H1, H2 and H3 of the current study
are accepted. A future researcher should examine the other factors that may influence the etax adoption. This study is limited to the Iraqi context, other nation’s dimension must also be
analysed. A future researcher should also examine the culture-specific and cross-culture
factors in their researchers. Future study should also focus on the relationship among the
component so that they can achieve higher explanation power and lastly, a researcher should
also examine the variation in the subjective norms, attitude and control behaviour across
primary adoption and extension stages.
Abstract
The study addresses the nature of the intertwined and integrated relationship between the organizational health of business organizations in the Iraqi tourism sector and strategic immunity, according to what these variables witness from the emergence of artificial intelligence with its capabilities and driving powers in supporting the organizational environment to predict potential risks and challenges during future periods, as well as increasing the level of transparency in the business environment and improving the integration of artificial intelligence in the organizational circle, starting from planning and passing through describing the nature of internal processes, reaching the achievement of targeted institutional goals. Thus, the three variables: artificial intelligence, strategic immunity, and organizational health are no longer just individual concepts, but have become institutionalized strategic tools prepared for the future.
One of the most important determinants of the current study lies in addressing an underexplored research area. To the best of our knowledge, there is a notable scarcity of prior studies that integrate strategic immunity, organizational health, artificial intelligence, and organizational culture within a unified framework. Existing Arab and international studies tend to examine these dimensions separately, rather than as interconnected drivers of digital organizational resilience.
Abstract
The issue of women’s empowerment is a preoccupation for many specialists in the field of women’s development, and many studies, whether at the international or local level, have tried to identify the important roles occupied by women and the repercussions that women are affected by due to the crises that afflict the economies of countries on the one hand, and society in all its categories from On the other hand . And since the empowerment of women and ways to advance them economically, are among the most prominent strategic issues that see women as an essential element in the development process and the progress of society, given the challenges faced by Iraqi women over the decades and the multiplicity and widening of qualitative gaps, the National Policy for the Empowerment of Iraqi Women 2021 came to advocate the empowerment of women It affirms its pioneering role in the development process, declaring that the contents of this policy reflect the process of change in the culture of discrimination and building a culture of equality and equality in all its value, psychological and legal dimensions and increasing its participation in state authorities and decision-making.
Abstract
As the stock market becomes increasingly important as a primary driver of economic development, understanding the fundamentals that influence the development of these markets becomes crucial. This topic provides a comprehensive review of the basic foundations of the stock market, with a focus on market models in Jordan and Iraq. It explains the impact of economic, political and legislative stability on the attractiveness of investments and investor confidence in the market stressing the importance of understanding investor culture and its impact on investment decision making, in light of the current economic transformations.
Due to the fluctuations experienced by the stock market in Iraq as a result of the economic and political conditions in the country, the prices of stocks and bonds vary constantly between high and low, and this greatly affects economic activity there. This topic aims to explain the state of the stock market in Iraq, explain the basic foundations on which this market must be based, and compare it with the stock market in Jordan.
It is clear that the economic environment reflects economic policy and the factors affecting it. As the state of the economy in the country greatly affects the stock market, the presence of a stable economic environment increases confidence among investor and traders in the market, and the culture of investors and their understanding of financial risks and investment opportunities is affected by the economic environment.
Political stability gives internal and external investments confidence to invest in the financial market, while political turmoil can lead to a decline in confidence and a reduction in investment, providing a stable security environment in the stock market in Iraq leads to a noticeable development in its laws and regulations.
Abstract
The current study aimed to know the extent of the ability of organizational integrity as an independent variable with its dimensions (operating controls, principles and purpose, core values, and culture) in improving the quality of work life as a dependent variable with its dimensions (job satisfaction, general well-being, stress at work, work-home interface, work control, work conditions) by relying on the descriptive analytical approach if this study was applied to the employees of the Diwaniya Technical Institute from the administrative category holding a certificate (higher diploma, bachelor's degree, diploma and preparatory only) and their number is (80) employees using a questionnaire distributed to them and the number of valid questionnaires was (76) and retrieved (4). The questionnaire was analyzed using many statistical tools and methods represented by the simple correlation coefficient to know the relationships of correlation and influence between the variables and multiple regression analysis and a number of other statistical tools in addition to using the SPSS.v.24 program), on the basis of which the researchers concluded a set of results, including that organizational integrity has a positive effect in improving the quality of work life. The study also reached a set of recommendations, some of which emphasized the need to apply practices Integrity within the organization, as establishing a culture of organizational integrity in any organization includes a set of stages, including understanding the importance of organizational integrity, its necessity and benefits for the individual and the organization, clarifying the positives of its application, and realizing the danger of the absence of organizational integrity in the organization
Abstract
The concept of e-tax filing is introduced by the e-government that motivates the use of
ICT (information and communication technology), specifically they focus on the usage of the
internet-related application to run an activity. The current study is aimed to understand the
acceptance of e-tax by the consumers. The impact of attitude towards adopting e-tax,
subjective norm, perceived behavioural control on intention of electric e-tax. The current
study uses the close-ended questionnaire to conduct the survey and to collect the responses
from the contributors. The total number of a questionnaire that was supposed to be filled by
the participant was 193. All the construct uses a five-point Likert scale. All variables of TPB
are regressed with adoption intention to analyse whether TPB variables have any significant
impact on adoption intention. Thus we can conclude that H1, H2 and H3 of the current study
are accepted. A future researcher should examine the other factors that may influence the etax adoption. This study is limited to the Iraqi context, other nation’s dimension must also be
analysed. A future researcher should also examine the culture-specific and cross-culture
factors in their researchers. Future study should also focus on the relationship among the
component so that they can achieve higher explanation power and lastly, a researcher should
also examine the variation in the subjective norms, attitude and control behaviour across
primary adoption and extension stages.
Abstract
This research aims to identify the role of strategic leadership, through its dimensions (clarity of strategic direction, rational use of authority, and ethical and value framework), in achieving outstanding performance in the private universities included in the research sample. (153) valid questionnaires were distributed to the research sample, which included senior and middle management. The data were processed and analyzed using several statistical methods, most notably (arithmetic mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, Pearson correlation coefficient, and simple linear regression) using the SPSS V28 statistical software. One of the most important conclusions reached by the research is the existence of a statistically significant correlation between strategic leadership (with its three dimensions: clarity of strategic direction, rational use of authority, and ethical and value framework) and the level of outstanding performance in private universities. This indicates that adopting these dimensions contributes to enhancing the universities' ability to improve their focus on beneficiaries, develop their internal processes, and improve their human resource management as key inputs for institutional excellence. The research recommends the necessity of adopting an integrated strategic leadership system in private universities, based on developing clear and updated documents and strategies, promoting organized delegation of powers, establishing the ethical framework, building leadership and human capacities, and supporting a culture of innovation and continuous improvement, in a way that contributes to raising the levels of institutional performance and achieving excellence in the higher education environment.
Abstract
The research aimed to test and know the role that digital leadership plays in individual work performance within the framework of the interactive role of knowledge sharing behavior, as the research problem centers on scientists’ belief that the COVID-19 virus may be with us for decades or more, and data and information were collected about the selected sample through the questionnaire. Which is considered a main tool in this research, as the sample included members of the teaching staff in a number of universities and private colleges in the Middle Euphrates region, amounting to (312) individuals. In order to support the relationship between these variables from a theoretical perspective, the study relied on measuring the digital leadership variable on a scale that includes: Five dimensions (visionary leadership, learning culture in the digital age, excellence in professional practice, systemic improvement, and digital citizenship), and as for the knowledge sharing behavior variable, a scale was adopted that includes four dimensions (written contributions, organizational communications, personal interactions, and communities of practice) While the study adopted a scale that includes four dimensions to measure individual work performance (task performance, contextual performance, adaptive performance, and adverse work behavior), the descriptive analytical approach was adopted in presenting and interpreting the information for the research, and for the purpose of analyzing and processing the data statistically, a group of Descriptive statistical measures, Pearson correlation coefficient, structural equation modeling, and modified analysis. These methods were used through the statistical program (Spss.25, Amos.25). The most prominent conclusions are that the knowledge sharing behavior in some universities and private colleges, the study sample, is The field aspect would enhance the impact of digital leadership on individual work performance, and this means the presence of knowledge sharing behavior in the field alongside digital leadership that would contribute to individual work performance in these private universities.
Abstract
The work environment and its components have gained great importance today due to the impact it has on its human capital. In recent years, studies have increased that discussed the negative and positive role of the work environment, as it is considered the main nerve of the organization’s success or failure. Here, we tried to shed light on some of the issues that can hinder the work of organizations and obstruct the achievement of their goals, including a toxic environment that makes employees feel the presence of penalties, the possibility of rejection, and being held guilty, with the necessity of constant defensiveness and humiliation. This is evident through the organizational leadership responsible for the organization, the culture of this organization and its employees, weak communication between them or dispersion, and the presence of blocs that cause fatigue and the impact they leave and the threat they pose if the matter is not addressed. This leads to a decrease in employee performance productivity, job attrition, an increase in work turnover, lack of progress at work, an inability to commit and achieve a balance between work and life, the occurrence of excessive professional fatigue, and conflicts that cause confusion in understanding roles. These are all signs that confirm the existence of a toxic work environment. Therefore, organizations whose environment is described as toxic face difficulty in maintaining, supporting, and attracting experienced human capital. One of the most important recommendations here is the necessity of encouraging and highlighting Positives and good relationships at work that serve the public interest and create a supportive social network that supports these relationships, while not forgetting to set red lines that should not be crossed and to maintain a safe distance with colleagues.
Abstract
This study aimed to know the impact of human resources management in its dimensions, which are (human resources planning, recruitment, human resources appointment, methods of developing and training employees, and performance evaluation) in achieving organizational excellence in its dimensions, which are (organizational structure excellence, organizational cultural excellence, and human resources excellence, and strategic excellence), for employees in the General Electricity Distribution Company in Babylon. The study sample amounted to (55) researchers. The study followed the descriptive analytical approach and used a program in its statistical analysis (SPSS). The study reached a set of results, the most important of which is the existence of a statistically significant impact of human resources management strategies in achieving organizational excellence. It concluded with main conclusions and recommendations that attempt to push the wheel of development and advancement that stems from the culture of human resources and support their efficiency and attempt to support their excellence that contributes to organizational excellence that achieves the desired goals in developing organizations operating in various productions. Completed scientific studies with a solid scientific dimension in the world of scientific research were used to develop the work of administrative organizations and push the wheel of development by focusing on developing the competencies working in the economy. Solid scientific sources were used that can support and the study recommended a set of recommendations, the most important of which are: the necessity of continuing to develop effective and thoughtful strategies for human resources management, which include all stages of the employee's career, so that the human element is optimally utilized in a way that achieves business performance and organizational goals.
Abstract
The research aims to find out the extent of the existence of Banking Entrepreneurial in private ethnic commercial banks, as all banks seeking Entrepreneurial need to be able to manage able to find a kind of harmony, between their capabilities and technical skills and total knowledge, and possessing the vision of the future to achieve the bank's objectives, to reach a strong competitive position, and highlight the problem of how interested private banks are in the pure leadership of the research sample banks is (Ashur Bank Al-Mansour Bank, Baghdad Bank) has found a weakness in the indicators of banking leadership and recommended the need to adopt a culture of Banking Entrepreneurial and support creativity and innovation and encourage it. The research will be dealt with through four investigations, the first research includes the methodology of the research, the second discussed the theoretical aspect of the research and the third research included the practical aspect of the research, and the fourth discussed the conclusions and recommendations
Abstract
The study aims to diagnose and clarify the role of audit evidence in assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of the accounting information system for the entities subject to audit. The study was based on a main hypothesis that states the adoption of the external auditor to obtain an integrated and comprehensive set of evidence in accordance with the requirements of international auditing standards in monitoring the operation of the accounting information system for business organizations can result in a set of benefits, including facilitating the task of evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of the system’s outputs to the extent to which the characteristics of this system comply with the requirements of the beneficiaries on an ongoing, accurate and objective basis. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, examine and test its main hypotheses, the study adopted the descriptive analytical approach by constructing and formulating a questionnaire that was distributed to the study sample consisting of a group of external auditors serving in auditing offices in the Republic of Iraq, and then analyzing the study data through adopting a number of tools and statistical methods.
The study reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that one of the most important challenges facing the external auditor when practicing the tasks of collecting audit evidence its dealing with auditing technology, especially with regard to collecting electronic evidence along with its traditional counterpart. In addition to the weakness in level of accounting and auditing culture for the audited entities. The study also recommended the necessity of providing adequate support by the senior management for the entities subject to audit in relation to the external auditor when exercising the tasks of collecting evidence and taking into account the element of audit fees and wages in a manner that is commensurate with the size and complexity level of the company’s activities for which the accounting information system is audited.
Abstract
This study aims to develop a therapeutic model to combat administrative and financial corruption, grounded in the principles of accountability, transparency, and the prevention of misuse of administrative authority. It also seeks to identify the key obstacles hindering anti-corruption efforts and propose viable solutions to overcome them.
Corruption is one of the most dangerous global phenomena threatening the security, stability, and prosperity of nations and societies. It has become a persistent challenge, especially in Iraq, where corruption has infiltrated most public institutions, contributing significantly to the disruption of economic development, progress, and institutional reform.
In recent years, corruption has exacerbated rates of unemployment and poverty and intensified social, economic, security, intellectual, and political crises. Its danger lies in its ability to spread like a "dormant virus" that activates when it finds a supportive social environment. Since April 9, 2003, Iraq has witnessed an unprecedented wave of corruption, prompting the state to adopt public policies—primarily theoretical in nature—to address this phenomenon and preserve the state's integrity at both domestic and international levels.
While numerous legislative, executive, and oversight measures have been undertaken—across media, economic, security, and social domains—they often lack a comprehensive, actionable model to eradicate corruption from its roots.
Accordingly, this study proposes a therapeutic model based on accountability and transparency to safeguard citizens’ rights, promote justice, enhance security, and reinforce governance structures. The model responds to growing calls—from religious, social, educational, economic, and media entities—to instill a culture of integrity, strengthen anti-corruption frameworks, and intensify the recovery of stolen public funds. Legislative frameworks have evolved to address corruption in its multiple dimensions—security-related, psychological, economic, media-related, and social—while states have employed various strategies, such as enhanced accountability, participatory governance, transparency improvements, and comprehensive reform initiatives.
At the local level, corruption results in misallocation of resources, wastage of public funds, inefficiency in public services, weakened local development potential, poor planning, a deteriorated investment climate, and low economic growth.
To ensure the effectiveness of this proposed model, the outcomes of relevant research and studies must be adopted and integrated into a comprehensive and actionable anti-corruption roadmap. This includes clearly defining the roles, responsibilities, and powers of all concerned institutions to achieve legislative and procedural coherence
Abstract
A goal for this research focused on diagnosing and knowing the relationship and influences between strategic entrepreneurship in its dimensions: (entrepreneurship culture, entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial thinking, and strategic resource management), and attractiveness in its dimensions: (attractiveness of the organization, intention, and stature) in Al-Zawraa Company, which is one of the formation companies of the Iraqi Ministry of Industry. The search was conducted for a sample of endodontic language (94) individuals. In it, the descriptive analytical approach was adopted, and the questionnaire was used as a main tool, and in order to reach the desired results, the research used the statistical programs (Microsoft Excel, SPSS V24, Amos 24), and the research reached several results, the most important of which is the presence of two influence relationships and a significant correlation between the independent variable strategic entrepreneurship With its dimensions and the responsive variable, organizational attractiveness, which reflects the critical importance of strategic entrepreneurship and its adoption to reach organizational attractiveness.
Abstract
The tourism sector is no longer just a social phenomenon for some individuals and groups only, but has also become to include recreational activities of economic, social, cultural and environmental dimensions, due to the arrival of hundreds of millions of tourists to various countries and tourist regions, which encouraged many countries to work to stimulate and replace tourism. To a real industry and a tool to achieve economic and social development, the tourism sector in Turkey has competitive capabilities that can enter the international trade arena in the era of globalization and the liberalization of services trade, but what is distinguished by Turkey in terms of natural resources And historical sites constitute a natural competitive advantage for them, in spite of this, its role is multiplied by modern developments in a world in which the competitiveness of international tourism that is based on technological innovations and information technology such as the Internet, electronic commerce and modern means of communication. Based on the above, the research assumed that the tourism sector depends on the surrounding environment, whether political, economic or social, and this affects it.
The research included two studies, the first one was concerned with the theoretical and conceptual framework of the tourism sector, while the second one was concerned with measuring the revenue and expenditure gap in the Turkish tourism sector.
The research included two studies, the first one was concerned with the theoretical and conceptual framework of the tourism sector, while the second one was concerned with measuring the revenue and expenditures gap in the Turkish tourism sector.
Perhaps among the most prominent results of this research, Turkey has become, in the last two decades, a destination for culture, the pursuit of knowledge, and the destination of medical tourism for many Arab countries, as well as leisure tourism for most countries of the world, and it relies heavily on a variety of historical sites and coastal resorts on the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea.
As for the most important proposals that came out of the research, it is the necessity to use tourism as an engine to achieve balanced regional development and raise the standard of living for less developed regions that possess tourism resources and resources.
Abstract
This research explores the impact of various factors on managers' intention to use artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in human resource management practices, through a survey conducted with a sample of 80 individuals from 6 private colleges. The descriptive analytical method was utilized in the study, examining several key dimensions representing the independent variable, including (administrative dimension, cultural dimension, economic dimension, legal and ethical dimension, social dimension, and psychological dimension).
The results indicate that these factors significantly affect managers' intention to use AI, which in turn reflects on human resource management practices, including (recruitment and selection, training and development, performance evaluation, compensation and benefits management, and labor relations management). The study concluded that addressing the mentioned factors enhances the effective use of AI, contributing to the improvement of the effectiveness and efficiency of human resource management practices.
Therefore, the research recommends that institutions develop comprehensive strategies to enhance awareness and understanding among managers and employees regarding the benefits of AI, along with establishing clear policies to ensure legal and ethical compliance and fostering a culture of innovation and change.
Abstract
E-wallets play an important role in enhancing the size of financial technology in the country by providing a smooth and convenient way for individuals to transact online. E-wallets allow users to store their payment information securely and make transactions with ease.
This study aims to demonstrate the role and importance of these portfolios in supporting the economy in countries, especially in Egypt, by enhancing the volume of financial technology and increasing financial inclusion, which helps support the formal economy and increase financial culture, which is an important condition for improving the economic conditions in the country considering these rapid technological developments.
Abstract
The aim of this research is to present the reality of financial inclusion in Iraq, by analyzing the behavior and trends of its financial indicators according to its dimensions (access and usage) for the period (2014 to 2024). This research aims to determine the level of financial inclusion in Iraq and its most important pillars. Based on the basic premise that financial inclusion in Iraq can be measured and analyzed, and the development of its indicators can be monitored. Financial inclusion in Iraq can be expressed using four sets of indicators: banking density and banking penetration, and the spread of electronic payment services to express access. Mobile payment services, and electronic card and bank account penetration indicators, were used to express usage. Two factors were identified as constraints on achieving financial inclusion requirements in Iraq: the financial infrastructure and technology, and the lack of widespread financial awareness among individuals and the skill required to select financial products. This has led to a lack of digital transaction culture among Iraqis, as well as a lack of confidence in financial transactions in this context, due to the prevalence of hacking, fraud, and deception. It is impossible to advance financial inclusion levels in Iraq without addressing these two important and interconnected constraints.
Abstract
The research aims to shed light on the method of value chain analysis and its role in enhancing the effectiveness of the accounting information system by showing the host and non-host activities of the value in the company, the research sample in order to exclude them, and to indicate the most important results possible to be obtained from the adoption of an advanced accounting information system that contributes to raising the efficiency of the company's performance by providing management with detailed information and future visions through which it is able to make decisions based on the analysis of the main and supporting activities, and in order to achieve the objectives of the study and verify the validity of its hypotheses, modern cost techniques have been adopted, and the industrial sector has been manufacturing and marketing The study concluded with a set of conclusions, the most important of which is the analysis of the value chain contributes to reducing costs by separating the activities and the host value statement and work to enhance them and exclude the costs of non-host value activities in order to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the accounting information system at work, in addition, the study recommends raising the level of efficiency and skill of employees thought activating training programs and specialized courses in the field of work in order to be able to deal with the advanced accounting information system and the mechanisms of applying the value chain, which contributes to improving their performance and in line with the continuous developments in business environment.