Cover
Volume 7, Special Issue 3 (2026)

Published: July 31, 2026

Pages: 132-155

Research articles

Organizational culture intensity, supervisor support, and personality traits as moderating variables in the path of role demands and self-efficacy depletion: An exploratory study in selected private sector companies in Baghdad

Abbas M. Hussein 1
1Department of investment management and business economics, college of business economics, Al-Nahrain university, Baghdad, Iraq
History
  • Received: June 10, 2026
  • Revised: June 20, 2026
  • Accepted: June 24, 2026
  • Available Online: July 25, 2026
DOI

https://doi.org/10.56967/ejfb2026884

Abstract

This study looks at how job demands Depletion employee self-efficacy in Iraqi private companies. It also checks if things like a strong org culture, supportive bosses, and personal traits, such as being conscientious and emotionally stable, can buffer that effect. Now, even though Arab org behavior research is getting popular, Iraq hasn't gotten much attention yet. So, that's the key void this study aims to fill. They used a cross-sectional design and got data from 250 workers in three Baghdad firms through a 90-item Arabic questionnaire. To analyze it, they employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 4.0, based on the Conservation of Resources Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, and the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) model. Plus, the participants gave informed consent and their data was kept anonymous following proper ethical guidelines. Role demands really take a hit on self-efficacy depletion, with a β value of 0.621, a p-value less than .001, and an R² of 0.613. Interestingly, organizational culture intensity and supervisor support helped soften this impact. Specifically, the internal cohesion part of the organizational culture and the informational support from supervisors were the biggest helpers here. This study stands out because it’s one of the first to look at self-efficacy depletion, not just general burnout, in response to role demands within the Iraqi context. The research blends three different theories and checks both organizational and personal traits as factors. Plus, it focuses on something that affects employees in Iraq specifically, which is cool. There are some downsides though. It uses a cross-sectional design with data solely from Baghdad's private sector, making it hard to infer causation or apply the findings elsewhere in Iraq, including the public sector. Still, the practical takeaways are useful for HR managers. They now have info showing that beefing up supervisor training and promoting team unity can shield worker mental stamina during tough times.

Keywords

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