Volume 7, Special Issue 3 (2026)
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Abstract
The research aims to analyze the impact of awareness of organizational dynamics on enhancing strategic positioning, based on the importance of employees’ understanding of the internal and external factors that shape the organizational work environment—such as culture, structure, relationships, and communication—and their reflection on the organization’s ability to define its competitive position effectively and sustainably. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical approach and employed a questionnaire to collect data from Al-Ittihad Food Industries Co. Ltd. in Babil Governorate, with a sample of 262 employees from the company’s sugar refinery plant. The research gap lies in the scarcity of studies that have examined the relationship between awareness of organizational dynamics and strategic positioning in an integrated manner within the Iraqi business environment—particularly in the food industry sector, which faces ongoing market transformations and increasing competition. This context requires a deep organizational awareness that connects culture, structure, leadership, and communication as an interactive dynamic system. The findings indicate a positive and statistically significant correlation and effect between awareness of organizational dynamics and strategic positioning. Higher levels of organizational awareness contribute to improving management’s ability to make effective strategic decisions and strengthen the company’s competitive position in the market. The results also show that flexible organizational culture and adaptive leadership play a key role in achieving higher levels of strategic performance. The research recommends adopting a comprehensive approach to managing organizational dynamics that integrates culture, structure, leadership, and internal communication within a unified strategic vision, thereby enhancing sustainable strategic positioning and contributing to the stability and growth of Iraqi industrial companies.
Abstract
Strategic human resource planning enables organizations to secure the required human resources in terms of quantity, quality, and timing to achieve their strategic objectives. Achieving high levels of quality, excellence, and organizational performance has become an essential and urgent requirement that organizations can no longer afford to overlook. Accordingly, this study seeks to examine the role of strategic human resource planning in developing the leadership pathway at Rafidain Bank. The study aims to assess the level of institutional performance excellence from the perspective of employees at Rafidain Bank in Baghdad and to clarify the relationship between the study variables, namely strategic human resource planning and leadership pathway development.
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the strategic role of Strategic Renewal (across its core dimensions: content, context, and process) in mitigating Organizational Anomie and its behavioral and value-based manifestations (anomie/normlessness, organizational cynicism, and the absence of values) within the dynamic organizational environment of Zain Iraq for Telecommunications. To achieve the research objectives, a descriptive-analytical approach was adopted. Data were collected through a specially designed questionnaire distributed to a purposive sample of leaders and administrators within the company. The data were analyzed using SPSS, employing descriptive statistical methods (Arithmetic Means and Standard Deviations) and inferential statistics (Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Simple Linear Regression). The results revealed high levels of both strategic renewal practices and organizational anomie within the surveyed company. Furthermore, a statistically significant inverse correlation was identified between the two variables, indicating that higher levels of strategic renewal are associated with a decrease in organizational anomie. Regression analysis further demonstrated that the dimensions of strategic renewal collectively explain 60% of the variance in organizational anomie, with the "Process" dimension exerting the strongest impact, followed by "Context" and "Content." The research concludes that strategic renewal serves as an effective entry point for curbing value-based and behavioral disintegration (anomie) in organizations operating in rapidly changing environments; however, its effectiveness is maximized when it encompasses processes and a supportive organizational context, rather than being limited to strategic content alone. The study recommends that the company's management focus on enhancing the value-driven and cultural aspects of renewal while bridging the trust gap between management and employees to achieve more integrated and sustainable strategic renewal
Abstract
The research aims to reveal the impact of digital transformation on improving and enhancing internal financial control tools. The deductive approach was followed in the theoretical aspect, and the analytical approach in the practical aspect, relying on data collected using a questionnaire to measure the research variables. The research sample consisted of internal auditors working in Iraqi banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, numbering (80) auditors. The comprehensive enumeration method was used due to the small size of the population. The questionnaire data was analyzed and interpreted using the statistical program (SPSS). The research findings indicated that the use of digital transformation enhances the quality of the auditing profession, improves the ability to utilize electronic information, and strengthens digital transformation procedures and internal financial controls within the auditing profession. The research recommended the necessity of using and implementing digital transformation tools to ensure and enhance auditing and oversight work by organizing and planning the digital transformation process, assessing the risks that may face the auditing profession, and strengthening the effectiveness of internal financial controls.
Abstract
Neuromarketing is an emerging field that combines neuroscience and marketing to better understand the factors influencing consumer decisions. Consumer purchasing behavior has long been a focus for marketers seeking to create compelling advertisements and increase engagement. It relies on objective tools to identify consumer responses through physiological and neurological measurements. This research aims to apply brain science to marketing research, specifically using electroencephalography (EEG) and eye-tracking to determine whether a consumer will purchase a product. “The association between physiological reactions and self-reported purchase intention to marketing cues was investigated by analysing physiological data from 210 participants. The link between the independent factors (product category and advertisement type) and the dependent variable (purchase intention) was investigated using descriptive, correlational, and regression methods. The results confirm that knowledge of neuromarketing significantly boosts practicality (β = 0.726, p < 0.001), which enhances marketing efforts (β = 0.611, p < 0.001) and social media communication effectiveness (β = 0.712, p < 0.001).” The study found that both frontal lobe alpha and beta wave activity (neural reactivity) and fixation duration and number of fixations (visual attention) were strong predictors of purchase intention, with fixation duration being the strongest predictor. Results suggest that emotional advertising elicited greater purchase intention than informational advertising, with the effects of emotion moderated by product category. This research presents evidence for a model that uses EEG and eye-tracking in conjunction to develop insights into consumer behavior. The paper provides an immediately applicable framework for marketers trying to revamp their advertising strategy.
Abstract
In light of the rapid developments and intense competition the world is witnessing, the need to find a sustainable competitive advantage for economic units has become apparent. This research aims to demonstrate the impact of employing the green value chain approach on achieving this competitive advantage by analyzing green value chain activities. This approach represents a modern trend in sustainable management accounting. The research identifies the green value chain and competitive advantage, clarifying the relationship between them through an inductive methodology that draws on books, theses, dissertations, and specialized research in accounting studies. This approach contributes to cost reduction across all activities within the green value chain, while also considering environmental factors. The research focuses on the role of this approach in achieving a long-term competitive advantage. Researchers relied on actual data in the practical application of the implemented activities. Among the key conclusions are: the green value chain approach contributes to building a long-term competitive advantage by enhancing the sustainability of activities (production, marketing, distribution, and after-sales services) and achieving customer satisfaction by responding to their environmental and social requirements. The resulting competitive advantage is manifested in the economic unit's ability to offer a low-cost, high-quality, and environmentally friendly product while maintaining a stable and profitable customer base.
Abstract
This research aims to analyze the role of crisis management strategies in supporting Iraqi economic security in the post-2016 period, within an economic environment characterized by rentierism, a single source of income, and fragile infrastructure. The research seeks to analyze the main threats to national stability, such as public debt crises, unemployment, and inflation, while focusing on the theoretical foundations of crisis management concepts as a leadership and administrative system based on forecasting and proactivity. One of the most important objectives of the research is to focus on economic security and its management through successful crisis management strategies, and how to manage crises in a way that can reveal errors before they occur or address them after they occur. The research also relied on a quantitative analytical approach using time series data (2016-2025) and employed advanced statistical and econometric tools, including the ARIMA forecasting model and the Early Warning System (EWS) using Logit and Probit models. The study concluded with several key findings, most notably a positive but very weak and statistically insignificant correlation (p < 0.005) between crisis management strategies and short-term economic security. This weakness is attributed to the Iraqi economy's greater vulnerability to global oil price shocks and external financial fluctuations than to the effectiveness of current internal management mechanisms.
Abstract
The research problem lies in the slow and low levels of strategic response in contracting companies in Baghdad Governorate. The research aims to examine the impact of strategic engineering on the strategic response processes of employees in these companies. To achieve this, the dimensions of strategic engineering were utilized, namely: organizational structure engineering, digital leadership, strategic modeling and simulation, and strategic alignment. The dimensions of strategic response processes were also considered, namely: resource liquidity, business process maturity, business responsiveness to the environment, and business proactivity to the environment. The researcher adopted a descriptive-analytical approach to data analysis, employing a simple random sampling method. The research population consisted of 240 employees from a group of contracting companies in Baghdad Governorate, of whom 203 were selected as the research sample. The researcher used a questionnaire as the primary data collection tool. Statistical software, specifically SMART PLS 4 and SPSS version 27, was used to analyze the primary data. Descriptive and inferential statistical methods were employed, including validity and reliability testing, confirmatory factor analysis, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, relative importance, simple and multiple linear regression, structural equation modeling, and others, to test the main and sub-hypotheses. The research yielded several findings, demonstrating that strategic engineering is not merely reactive but also enhances companies' ability to proactively respond by anticipating future challenges and designing preventative strategies that ensure business continuity in uncertain circumstances.
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the role of strategic leadership in promoting digital transformation processes within Iraqi Ministry of Trade public companies. The research problem stemmed from the challenges these companies face in keeping pace with the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the need for forward-looking leadership to transcend rigid, traditional structures. The strategic leadership variable encompassed the dimensions of strategic vision, ethical practices, organizational culture, human capital, and core competencies, while digital transformation was measured across the dimensions of technologies, activities, boundaries, and objectives. The study employed a descriptive-analytical methodology and was conducted within Iraqi Ministry of Trade companies. A purposive sample of 352 administrative leaders (general manager, assistant general manager, department manager, and division head) was selected. To analyze the data, the statistical software SPSS v.26 and Amos v.25 were used, employing advanced statistical methods such as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), path analysis, and validity and reliability tests. The study reached several conclusions, most notably the significant impact of strategic leadership on the dimensions of digital transformation. Core competencies and strategic vision emerged as the strongest drivers for developing activities and expanding the organization's digital boundaries. Based on these findings, the study recommended that leaders invest in enhancing human capital and localizing modern technologies as an indispensable strategic option to ensure competitive sustainability in the evolving digital environment.
Abstract
The digital transformation of industrial companies plays a prominent role in increasing their market share and thus increasing their ability to compete, survive, and grow. The current study aims to measure and analyze the impact of digital transformation on predicting stock returns through profitability indicators. The study population consisted of manufacturing firms traded on the Iraq Stock Exchange, from which representative sample was drawn. The study focused on a sample of (7) manufacturing firms traded on the Iraq Stock Exchange, and the selected time series was (12) years, i.e., from (2012) to (2023). A set of statistical methods was used, utilizing multivariate regression analysis and t-statistical evaluation. The (Eviews 10) and (smart-pls 4) software were used in the analysis and hypothesis testing. A set of conclusions was reached, the most important of which is that companies that adopt smart production systems and where Companies with a higher proportion were better to exploit investment opportunities, which positively affected stock return can exploit investment opportunities optimally, and thus increase their returns, which is reflected positively on the earnings per share and the stock dividend, which ultimately leads to an increase in their stock returns. Based on these findings, a set of recommendations was made, most importantly the need for industrial companies to adopt smart production systems and increase their spending on research and development. These measures enhance their ability to capitalize on investment opportunities and thus increase their returns.
Abstract
This study looks at how job demands Depletion employee self-efficacy in Iraqi private companies. It also checks if things like a strong org culture, supportive bosses, and personal traits, such as being conscientious and emotionally stable, can buffer that effect. Now, even though Arab org behavior research is getting popular, Iraq hasn't gotten much attention yet. So, that's the key void this study aims to fill. They used a cross-sectional design and got data from 250 workers in three Baghdad firms through a 90-item Arabic questionnaire. To analyze it, they employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 4.0, based on the Conservation of Resources Theory, Social Cognitive Theory, and the Job Demands–Resources (JD-R) model. Plus, the participants gave informed consent and their data was kept anonymous following proper ethical guidelines. Role demands really take a hit on self-efficacy depletion, with a β value of 0.621, a p-value less than .001, and an R² of 0.613. Interestingly, organizational culture intensity and supervisor support helped soften this impact. Specifically, the internal cohesion part of the organizational culture and the informational support from supervisors were the biggest helpers here. This study stands out because it’s one of the first to look at self-efficacy depletion, not just general burnout, in response to role demands within the Iraqi context. The research blends three different theories and checks both organizational and personal traits as factors. Plus, it focuses on something that affects employees in Iraq specifically, which is cool. There are some downsides though. It uses a cross-sectional design with data solely from Baghdad's private sector, making it hard to infer causation or apply the findings elsewhere in Iraq, including the public sector. Still, the practical takeaways are useful for HR managers. They now have info showing that beefing up supervisor training and promoting team unity can shield worker mental stamina during tough times.
Abstract
Despite the significant role of small & medium business unit in manufacturing industry in the national economic development, especially in the developing countries, manufacturing industry has suffered from many problems such as, competition development in international markets, rapid advancement of technology and change in consumers behavior, which manufacturing unit small & medium enterprise of Iraq is unable to follow them all. This study aims to examine the role of mediation knowledge management between the IT capabilities and innovation capabilities in earlier studies, which did not involve the study of this mediating role. The technique used for collecting the data of 384 manufacturing industry (SME) in Iraq is quantitative technique with the instrument questionnaire to check the data by the using of (PLS-SEM) Model The finding results indicated that knowledge management was a positive and statistically significant mediating variable between the IT capability and the innovative capacity. Finally, there was a positive statistically significant mediation between knowledge management skills and IT capacities. The impact of mediation between knowledge management capacities and innovation capacities was also being felt. A practical contribution is suggested by the investments that needs to be done in the field of information and communication technology (ICT) that would be used as a strategic axis to promote innovation for SME in Iraq. The model accounted for much of the variance in the two constructs, namely innovation capabilities and knowledge capacities study, explaining the mechanisms that enable SMEs to innovate in Iraq, according to the Resource Based View approach (RBV).
Abstract
Education has consistently been a prerequisite for employment in a variety of positions. Nevertheless, this can be a problem and exacerbate unemployment in societies if it becomes an obstacle or if there is an overabundance in certain disciplines. To enable to design practical remedies that can be performed in both the near and long term, it studies the reasons for it and evaluates its data within Iraq. The framework of job possibilities in Iraq is also the subject of this study, and the level to which it enables job candidates of both gender with various degrees of educational attainment. It also evaluates the capacity of both the public and private industries to attract and retain this demographic, as well as the potential challenges and solutions, particularly in light of the challenging security, political, and economic conditions that Iraq has experienced. The inductive method was used through data analysis to reach the conclusions. Data was collected from multiple sources, including the International Labour Organization, the World Bank, and statistics and reports issued by official Iraqi bodies. This research covers the period following 2003, with particular emphasis on 2020 and 2021, drawing on the most recent available data. These two years reflect Iraq's economic reality more than two decades after that turning point, and they help illuminate the persistent gap between labor market requirements and educational outputs—a gap that has given rise to numerous structural problems in the economy, unemployment chief among them. The research problem lies in the disconnect between educational outputs and labor market needs, which has worsened in recent years as a result of a lack of economic diversification and the limited capacity of the private sector to absorb graduates. The significance of the research is derived from the fact that it addresses a crisis that is deeply ingrained in Iraqi society and necessitates solutions. There have been numerous issues related to occupation and the increase in the proportion of jobless