Search Results for social-factors
Abstract
The research includes the nature of the relationship between the causes of drug abuse as a dependent variable as a result of the effects of economic and social factors in the world with reference to Iraq as an independent variable. The research aims to clarify the complex interaction of many components surrounding society that lead to the alarming rise in drug abuse. By examining the network of socio-economic conditions and drug abuse, this analysis seeks to provide a broad understanding of the root causes, patterns and suggestions for individuals and societies. The study begins by discovering the socio-economic factors that force individuals to abuse drugs. Economic disparities, limited access to education and employment opportunities, and inadequate health care resources arise as major motivators. The study thus explores how these factors make the environment vulnerable to drug abuse, as individuals facing economic hardship may help to abuse drugs as a coping mechanism or a means of escape. Ultimately, this analysis advances the current debate on drug abuse by providing a nuanced understanding of the complex relationship between socioeconomic factors and drug abuse, and by highlighting the complex web of influences as causal variables for drug abuse, the study offers solutions and policy changes that can positively impact individuals and communities exacerbated by this prevalent concern
Abstract
The aim of this research is to measure the sustainable performance of Al-Qasim Green University based on the indicators of the Sustainable Balanced Scorecard (SBSC), and to assess the university’s ability to serve the community through social and environmental performance indicators. Sustainable orientation is essential in today’s business environment, as it reflects the clarity of strategic objectives and the roles of faculty and support staff in delivering high-quality, distinguished educational services. It also supports creative capacities to build a strong academic reputation, making the university a key contributor in meeting labor market needs.
The study adopted a case study methodology focusing on Al-Qasim Green University, using both financial and non-financial data for the period (2018–2019). The results were measured and analyzed accordingly. Findings indicate that the university is capable of enhancing sustainable performance, provided that improvements are made in cost and managerial accounting systems. These improvements should aim to provide decision-makers with relevant information that reflects the university's economic, environmental, and social realities.
The research recommendations emphasized the importance of university leadership giving due attention to environmental and social factors, alongside economic ones, in adopting higher education and scientific research strategies. It also called for creating multiple channels of engagement with the labor market and the community.
Abstract
The disparity in employee salaries across different ministries and departments raises questions, discomfort, and feelings of injustice, especially among employees with lower salaries in some ministries compared to their higher-paid counterparts in other ministries. These reasons stem from social factors, followed by economic factors. The prices of goods and services are determined by the size of the employee group with higher salaries, especially if a large group raises the prices of goods and services through their greater purchasing power. Consequently, it becomes difficult for employees with lower salaries to live comfortably, creating economic and social disparities among employee groups. This, in turn, impacts economic and social development. All these reasons prompted me to give great importance to writing this vital and important research, as I focused on analyzing several important indicators, most notably the cost of living index, which measures the minimum cost of living in Iraq, which helps us in formulating a minimum wage policy, and the private sector wage value levels index, which shows the minimum and maximum limits of private sector employee wages according to a labor market survey in the private sector in Iraq, where I concluded that one of the most important factors for labor market stability is the convergence of wages between employees in the private and public sectors, which ends the prevailing reality of the preference of wages for employees in the public sector over their counterparts in the private sector, and we reach a stage of equal demand as much as possible for job opportunities in the two sectors. The index of the total ratio of public sector employees’ salaries to revenues, which shows the high and dangerous percentage that salaries constitute of the country’s total revenues, which must be reduced and controlled, and the index of the ratio of the number of beneficiaries of public sector salaries to the population and labor force, which also constitutes a high percentage, most notably the increase in the number of new appointments that have plunged the country into a state of disguised unemployment and the inclusion of new categories in social welfare salaries, which has burdened the government and forced it to withdraw from the investment budget. In addition to the operating budget for these salaries, the average employee share of the total public sector payroll index (AEI) represents the average salary that should be taken into account when constructing the public sector salary scale. Analyzing these indicators leads us to an important point of convergence that enables us to formulate a clear policy for building a fair and balanced salary system and scale.