Search Results for electronic-payment

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the factors influencing the success of the transition to electronic payment systems in Iraqi banks and to analyze the relationship between the adoption of electronic payment systems and the extent to which the adoption of these systems affects the reduction of operating costs without affecting the quality of services provided by them. The importance of this study stems from the accelerated shift towards digitization in the financial field and supporting national trends towards the transition to a non-cash economy. The study adopted the null hypothesis that there is no statistically significant effect of adopting electronic payment systems in reducing operating costs in Iraqi banks. The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach to explain the problem and the relationships between its elements by collecting financial data for a sample of Iraqi banks for the period (2020-2024) and deriving financial ratios that represent the study variables. The study reached several results, the most important of which is the lack of an effect of adopting electronic payment systems in reducing operating costs in Iraqi banks, despite the good level of application of electronic payment systems by these banks, with a positive correlation between the level of adoption of electronic payment systems. The level of operational costs, and the study presented several recommendations, including updating cost systems to be consistent with the nature of the digital transformation in the use of payment systems, enhancing awareness campaigns and customer confidence to expand the base of use of electronic payment methods, and updating electronic payment systems periodically to avoid technical failures and maintain cyber security.  

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to clarify the concept of electronic payment systems and their role in supporting financial and economic activity. In light of rapid technological developments and the global digital transformation, electronic payment systems have become a fundamental pillar for the growth of e-commerce, due to the speed, security, and convenience they provide in completing financial transactions. The study examines the role of electronic payment systems in the Iraqi market, and reviews the main types of electronic payments in Iraq, such as payments through e-wallets, electronic payments via Google Pay, Iraqi postal cards, and payments through the Fatora gateway. The research recommends the adoption of a comprehensive national strategy to develop digital and financial infrastructure, enhance financial and digital literacy among individuals and businesses, and update the legislative and regulatory framework to ensure the security and efficiency of electronic payment systems. This would significantly contribute to advancing e-commerce and achieving sustainable economic development in Iraq.

Abstract

The Iraqi banking sector is working to keep pace with modern banking technologies, and with the aim of exploring the impact of electronic payment methods on the efficiency of banking performance, three standard models were built for the Iraqi banking sector, for the period (January 2018-December 2022) with monthly data, so that the number of time series observations for each model reaches (60) View.

The research found a positive impact of electronic payment methods on the financial performance of the Iraqi banking sector, by raising its level of profitability and reducing its costs, in addition to the important role played by managing its liquidity and reducing its risks. Electronic payment methods also had a negative impact on the efficiency of internal operations management through... Its inability to reduce the effort and speed in completing operations and responding to customer requirements, due to adherence to traditional methods of completing banking work and the limited use of technology for archiving, which has reinforced the episodes of red tape in banking work, and has had negative effects on the quality of banking services.     

Abstract

The aim of this research is to assess the impact of electronic payments on increasing the volume of deposits in the Iraqi banking sector for the time period (January 2018 – September 2025), using an econometric analytical method that includes descriptive time-series analysis, and estimation of an Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model. The study uses the indicators of mobile electronic payments and financial transactions processed via the retail payment system (IRPSI) as the independent variables, and the total deposits and current deposits as dependent variables, with the control variables being the money supply, inflation, and oil prices. The results show the gradual growth of the use of electronic payment instruments, especially in terms of the retail payment system, while mobile payments have a limited impact; current deposits are the most significant factor in total deposits. The estimates derived in ARDL show that there is no significant relationship between mobile payments and deposits in the short and long run, while retail payment system transactions have a significant and negative relationship due to its strong relationship with cash withdrawals, particularly cash withdrawals by government salary. The results shown in the control variables indicate that money supply and oil price are important factors in increasing deposits while inflation decreases current deposits because of the loss of purchasing power. Overall, the results indicate that while the electronic payment system is still evolving in Iraq, the use of cash remains at a high level, which necessitates further efforts to boost and reinforce the non-cash payment policy, increase financial and digital awareness, and strengthen the technical systems to promote the efficiency of electronic payment systems and their ability to contribute effectively to the mobilization of deposits within the banking sector.

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the role of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in promoting digital transformation in the banking sector. This is of great importance due to its significant impact on monetary policy. Through the application of digital technologies, banks and financial institutions can greatly improve their procedures, leading to changes in banking liquidity. Digital transformation can contribute to increased cash flows and improved liquidity management, thus affecting the central bank's ability to implement monetary policy effectively. Thanks to big data analytics and AI, banks can better identify economic needs, influencing interest rate decisions. Therefore, it can be said that digital transformation plays a significant role in shaping monetary policy and opens the door to significant improvements in the management of fiscal and monetary policies and creative thinking skills. Traditional reliance on auditing methods does not keep pace with rapid technological developments, and auditors' weak adoption of creative thinking methods in addressing audit problems negatively affects the quality of audits and the accuracy of their results. The importance of this research lies in its aim to provide a comprehensive framework that combines modern technological tools and creative approaches to digital work, thereby contributing to the development of critical practices and enhancing the quality of its results according to standards of efficiency and effectiveness. The advanced statistical software Smart Pals and appropriate statistical methods were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed a statistically significant effect of using artificial intelligence technologies (expert systems, machine learning, continuous auditing, natural language processing, and robotic process automation) across all dimensions. This indicates the importance of AI applications in improving the quality of external auditing. Furthermore, the use of AI technologies has a positive impact on investor decisions through the quality of external auditing. Based on these findings, the researcher recommends that all accountants and auditors keep pace with technological developments and respond to changes in the surrounding environment by developing their AI skills. Audit firms should also be encouraged to adopt AI technologies in their work by replacing manual systems with computerized systems. The study aimed to analyze the impact of digital transformation indicators (ATMs, electronic payment cards, electronic point-of-sale systems, and instant settlement transfers). Adopting digital technologies has contributed to reducing reliance on cash and increasing the efficiency of monetary policy. However, in Iraq, limited effects were observed due to structural challenges such as weak infrastructure and economic instability.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of implementing e-governance systems on reducing bribery and embezzlement in government institutions, as they are among the most prominent tools for combating financial corruption. The study explores the concept of e-governance and its role in enhancing transparency and accountability through automation and digitization, which reduces human intervention in administrative and financial processes. The study also discusses the most prominent mechanisms that contribute to reducing corruption, such as electronic payment, digital signatures, and smart monitoring systems. Furthermore, successful international experiences in implementing e-governance and its positive impact on reducing financial corruption are highlighted. Finally, to achieve the research objective, the researchers distributed a questionnaire to a sample of employees at Rasheed Bank/Najaf Branch in Iraq. The researchers reached a set of conclusions, the most important of which is that implementing e-governance systems significantly reduces the opportunities for bribery and embezzlement in government institutions by enhancing transparency and reducing human intervention in financial transactions. The researchers also reached a set of recommendations, most notably the need to develop technological systems in government institutions to ensure effective implementation of e-governance, while providing secure and fast communication network.        

Abstract

The aim of this research is to present the reality of financial inclusion in Iraq, by analyzing the behavior and trends of its financial indicators according to its dimensions (access and usage) for the period (2014 to 2024). This research aims to determine the level of financial inclusion in Iraq and its most important pillars. Based on the basic premise that financial inclusion in Iraq can be measured and analyzed, and the development of its indicators can be monitored. Financial inclusion in Iraq can be expressed using four sets of indicators: banking density and banking penetration, and the spread of electronic payment services to express access. Mobile payment services, and electronic card and bank account penetration indicators, were used to express usage. Two factors were identified as constraints on achieving financial inclusion requirements in Iraq: the financial infrastructure and technology, and the lack of widespread financial awareness among individuals and the skill required to select financial products. This has led to a lack of digital transaction culture among Iraqis, as well as a lack of confidence in financial transactions in this context, due to the prevalence of hacking, fraud, and deception. It is impossible to advance financial inclusion levels in Iraq without addressing these two important and interconnected constraints.

Abstract

one of the main drivers of economic growth and economic development. Iraq has experienced a noticeable expansion in the manifestations of the digital economy after 2016, represented by the spread of internet services, electronic payment e-commerce, and freelance platforms, in addition to the government’s adoptionof digital transformation programswithin its economic reform plans. The study used the descriptive-analytical approach to identify the main foundations and indicators of the digital economy, determine Iraq’s position in the digital economy as well as evaluate the impact of the digital economy on poverty indicators and economic inequality. The study concluded that digital transformation, despite its role in increasing the level of production and productivity has coincided with the persistence of poverty and unemployment rates, and even the increase in economic vulnerability among some groups, which poses major challenges regarding the ability of the digital economy to achieve economic justice and financial inclusion.

Abstract

This research addresses the extent of digital transformation in the Iraqi banking sector, with a focus on a selected sample of Iraqi private banks. The research addresses the extent to which these banks adopt digital technologies to enhance their operations and customer services through quantitative analysis. The results reveal that although there is a growing interest in digital transformation Among Iraqi banks, the digital transformation in Iraqi private banks is still in its early stages compared to global trends. Although there is a growing recognition of the importance of digital technologies by banks, many of them still rely heavily on traditional banking methods, and this is due to This disparity is largely due to different levels of investment in digital infrastructure and different degrees of openness to technological change among bank management, and adoption rates remain uneven across the banking sector. This disparity is largely due to different levels of investment in digital infrastructure and different degrees of openness to technological change among bank management.

Despite these challenges, many banks have begun to implement digital solutions such as online banking, mobile applications and electronic payment systems to meet evolving customer expectations and increase competitiveness. This research highlights the need for strategic investment in digital infrastructure and regulatory reforms to enhance the environment. Conducive to digital innovation, it also emphasizes the importance of educating and raising awareness among customers to increase the adoption of digital banking services, which ultimately contributes to the modernization and growth of the sector.

Abstract

The study aims to evaluate the extent to which Iraqi banks have adopted digital transformation technologies and their willingness to shift from traditional methods to digital ones in order to achieve sustainable development goals. This is done through a quantitative analysis of a sample of banks using financial indicators. The results show that some banks have begun to pay attention to adopting digital technologies and considering sustainable development principles; however, these efforts are still in their early stages compared to foreign banks, while most banks continue to rely on traditional methods due to limited awareness and insufficient exposure to technological advancements. The study also indicates that there are limited attempts to adopt digital services such as mobile banking applications, account inquiries, and electronic payment systems. It emphasizes the need to invest in technological infrastructure, provide regulatory support, and enhance awareness among bank management and the community about the benefits of digital technologies, including cost reduction, increased efficiency, and improved service quality, thereby contributing to the achievement of sustainable development.

Abstract

Research and studies related to electronic payments and the indicators of the Iraq Stock Exchange hold significant importance as they represent one of the fundamental elements contributing to economic progress. This research aims to measure the impact of electronic payments on the trading volume index in the Iraq Stock Exchange. To achieve this goal, the unit root will be tested using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller test and the Phillips-Perron test, and cointegration will be tested using the) ARDL (model according to the outputs of the) Eviews13(econometric software. The research concluded that there is a positive relationship between electronic payment indicators (amounts of electronic checks, value of bank transfers, retail payment system transfers) and the trading volume index in the Iraq Stock Exchange. The research recommends enhancing online electronic trading to help investors quickly identify trading indicators and stock prices of listed companies, which leads to increased trading activity in the Iraq Stock Exchange. This can be achieved by organizing workshops and educational seminars to provide detailed information on modern technologies used in the market

Abstract

The research aims to shed light on the stages of development of the balanced score card to the sustainable balanced score card. And according to what the sustainable balanced scorecard contains of many non-financial indicators in its three perspectives except for the financial one, so the research aimed to employ the card and identify its indicators, which usually function as a performance evaluation, so that those same indicators are the non-financial information that is disclosed within The integrated report model, which represents the most advanced generation of reporting.

The electronic payment card company Qcard was chosen to implement the proposed research model. As its financial and administrative reports were analyzed, in addition to conducting extensive interviews with the heads of various departments in the company, the sample of the research. The indicators that formed the sustainable balanced scorecard and which later represented the guide for preparing the integrated report form were identified after distributing the indicators that represent non-financial information on the nine components of the integrated report form.

And the most important conclusion was the operation of non-financial information, in addition to financial information, which led to the activation of management accounting tools, facilitating the formulation of the strategy of the economic unit, the implementation of the strategic objectives of the economic unit, and the achievement of sustainability requirements. Its performance from multiple points of view and enabled the management accountant and management to quantify expectations to the nearest degree of accuracy, which leads to correcting the evaluation process and expanding the area of ​​correction options that can be put forward in the strategic performance evaluation process. As for the most important recommendation, it was necessary to unify the efforts of academics and professionals to raise the level of application of management accounting tools in economic units, and to employ those tools in enabling units to achieve sustainability requirements, and the consequent necessity of developing management accountant skills in preparing reports that feed departments with information. Necessary to fulfill these requirements.

Abstract

one of the main drivers of economic growth and economic development. Iraq has experienced a noticeable expansion in the manifestations of the digital economy after 2016, represented by the spread of internet services, electronic payment e-commerce, and freelance platforms, in addition to the government’s adoption of digital transformation programs within its economic reform plans. The study used the descriptive-analytical approach to identify the main foundations and indicators of the digital economy, determine Iraq’s position in the digital economy as well as evaluate the impact of the digital economy on poverty indicators and economic inequality. The study concluded that digital transformation, despite its role in increasing the level of production and productivity has coincided with the persistence of poverty and unemployment rates, and even the increase in economic vulnerability among some groups, which poses major challenges regarding the ability of the digital economy to achieve economic justice and financial inclusion.