Search Results for economic-environment
Abstract
Problem of the Research- lately the economic environment is completely differing than 20th century and even than the last decades of 21st century. Novel idioms, notable expectations have been innovated that related to economic, social, political and even behavioral aspects of life; the competency does not limit with qualified intellectual human resources rather than the use of knowledge and novel aspects of technologies due to the rapid dynamic development of virtual economy. Thus, global economies experienced a rebirth of economic system.
Design, Methodology, Approach- it is an inductive study “UAE” as a sample; in which it extrapolates and analyze the studies and essays that related to economic digitization. Descriptive and analytical tools used to study the related aspects of phenomena.
Finding- UAE in general and Dubai in specific has a great role in achieving many entrepreneurial projects as a part of intelligent governmental program. Digitization programs become an obvious feature in most governmental programs such as medical, smart educational and banking usages; meanwhile, these programs are available for all in a lowest price of cost. Dubai tries to follow its vision for (2020-2030) of achieving sustainability through rapid change in technology towards green-zone technology environment under the supervision of rational policy of decisions, then expands it experiences to UAE as a whole.
Research limitations- implications- the study covers only studies and essays that related to scan UAE “Dubai” entrepreneurial projects for the last decade of 20th century and early decades of 21st century.
Practical implications- the study confines to use the descriptive, analytical tools to study the related phenomena.
Social implications- it specifics to review the Dubai Emirate as a society of study.
Objectives of the Research
- Transferring the societies into digital ones to expand the career opportunities especially among adult talents.
- Distinguishing the economic digitalization & digital economy.
- Analyzing the main threats toward digital economy.
- Focusing on the role of digital economy especially for those graduated talents.
Importance of the Research- as far as the study reviews, few studies in Arabian libraries are handling this dynamic topic; and still the meaning of facilitating the digitization to achieve sustainability is not clear enough, meanwhile, UAE considered as a “Spark” to most of Arabian countries. Thus, having their successful experience of entrepreneurial projects would be a “guide” for followers.
Abstract
As the stock market becomes increasingly important as a primary driver of economic development, understanding the fundamentals that influence the development of these markets becomes crucial. This topic provides a comprehensive review of the basic foundations of the stock market, with a focus on market models in Jordan and Iraq. It explains the impact of economic, political and legislative stability on the attractiveness of investments and investor confidence in the market stressing the importance of understanding investor culture and its impact on investment decision making, in light of the current economic transformations.
Due to the fluctuations experienced by the stock market in Iraq as a result of the economic and political conditions in the country, the prices of stocks and bonds vary constantly between high and low, and this greatly affects economic activity there. This topic aims to explain the state of the stock market in Iraq, explain the basic foundations on which this market must be based, and compare it with the stock market in Jordan.
It is clear that the economic environment reflects economic policy and the factors affecting it. As the state of the economy in the country greatly affects the stock market, the presence of a stable economic environment increases confidence among investor and traders in the market, and the culture of investors and their understanding of financial risks and investment opportunities is affected by the economic environment.
Political stability gives internal and external investments confidence to invest in the financial market, while political turmoil can lead to a decline in confidence and a reduction in investment, providing a stable security environment in the stock market in Iraq leads to a noticeable development in its laws and regulations.
Abstract
Problem Statement: economic environment differs than before, due to the rapid strategic changes and high level of demand for qualified services and/ or goods, that leads to another sense of competing among businesses, especially in last decades of 20th century, business environment involved in globalization to response and satisfy customers depending on the interaction between society as (external environment) and business’s infrastructure as (internal environment). These changes need a rapid response that means using new systems in planning strategies, organizing, leading and controlling as well to sustain and survive.
Methodology: it is a descriptive paper that analyze the results through depending on non- experimental design through three (retrospective, longitudinal, and cross- sectional) indicators to examine environmental social responsibility ESP as one of balanced score card perspectives. Results: there is a positive impact of adopting ESRP to achieve qualified financial projects. Conclusion: the interlinkage between external environment (society) and internal one (business infrastructure) is very tight, but the horizon to understand this tight relationship is still fuzzy, due to the dynamic changes of those interlinkages and more efforts have to be done to enrich this phenomenon.
Abstract
It is not superfluous to claim that Iraqi banks are not technologically advanced. The aim of this research is to identify the factors that affect the adoption of electronic banking services in the Iraqi banking industry. The researchers focused on discussing and examining three main factors: the technological factor, the systems factor (legal and economic), and the environment factor (internal and external). The researchers used the descriptive approach in presenting and discussing the theoretical framework of the research and previous studies. Then they used the analytical statistical approach in examining the influencing factors. The questionnaire method was used to collect primary data from the research sample, which represented 16 Iraqi banks. 101 questionnaires suitable for analysis were obtained. Compiling the answers and analysing them statistically. The results of the study indicated that the main obstacles facing the Iraqi banking industry in adopting electronic banking services are: security risks, lack of trust, lack of a legal and regulatory framework, lack of information and communications technology infrastructure, and lack of competition between local and foreign banks. The researchers proposed a series of measures that the banking industry and government could take to address the various challenges identified. These measures include: creating a clear set of legal frameworks on the use of technology in the banking industry, supporting the banking industry by investing in ICT infrastructure, and banks should focus on competing in technological innovation rather than the traditional rules of retail banking competition.
Abstract
Integrated reports represent an episode in the development of the financial reporting function and were approved by the management of economic units as a result of the pressures of users of accounting information in light of a competitive economic environment that requires reducing the information gap between management and users in order to ensure the achievement of social and environmental activities to evaluate the efforts of the management of economic units and their ability to achieve goals. Its strategy and creating an integrated information advantage.
The importance of the research stems from the importance of integrated reports and evaluation of banking performance and governance, as it addresses an important issue supporting the disclosure of quantitative and qualitative information about the performance of banks to meet the needs of investors and stakeholders. The aim of the research was to determine the role of the dimensions of integrated reports within the governance framework in the process of results and evaluation of banking performance.
As for the research problem, the process of reporting on the results of the economic unit’s work is accompanied by various problems that prompted the emergence of a comprehensive type of reports. Hence, the research problem can be formulated with the following questions: Do the contents of the dimensions of integrated reports affect the evaluation of banking performance within the framework of governance? The research is also based on the following hypotheses: The first main hypothesis: There is a role for integrated reports with their dimensions within the governance framework in evaluating banking performance under the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) system.
Many conclusions were reached: weak disclosure in the non-financial reports of the bank in the research sample, in addition to the low levels of environmental and social activities that help management achieve its set goals, and the low utility of the information provided to users.
The research summarized the recommendations, the most important of which are the need to oblige professional accounting organizations and the management of the Iraqi Stock Exchange to direct bank management and the need to commit to preparing annual integrated reports.
Abstract
Foreign trade is one of the basic sectors of any country's economy. It is of great importance in developing economic relations between countries worldwide, especially developed and developing countries, through the import and export of goods and services, both visible and invisible, and the movement of capital and gold trading. Foreign trade activities are usually carried out through the mechanism of linking the exchange rate of the local currency to foreign currencies. The importance of this study lies in highlighting the fluctuations in the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against a basket of foreign currencies, especially the US dollar. These fluctuations directly affect the economy in general and the costs of importing goods and services in particular. This study aims to measure and analyze the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on Iraqi imports for the period 2004–2023. To achieve the study objective, the study relied on time series data and used the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model to analyze the relationship between the dependent and explanatory variables in the long and short term. The study found a statistically significant positive relationship at the 5% level between the exchange rate and imports in the long term, which means that the rise in exchange rates in Iraq led to an increase in the volume of imports during the study period. based on these results, the study recommends the need to create a stable economic environment for the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against foreign currencies, especially the US dollar, in addition to strengthening the role of the Central Bank of Iraq in controlling the official and parallel exchange rates to limit their negative impact on the increase in consumer imports.
Abstract
This study examines the preventive role of Legal Technology (LegalTech) in monitoring anti-competitive behaviors, with a particular focus on current challenges in Iraq. The problem arises from the limitations of traditional tools in detecting collusion and monopolistic practices, in contrast to the potential offered by LegalTech solutions such as artificial intelligence algorithms and digital reporting platforms. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical and comparative methodology, reviewing successful international experiences (the European Union, Singapore, and the United Kingdom), alongside an Iraqi case study in a key sector. The underlying hypothesis suggests that while LegalTech provides promising opportunities for regulatory oversight, its effectiveness in Iraq depends largely on the development of digital and legislative infrastructures. Preliminary findings indicate that LegalTech can play the role of an "early warning mechanism" against anti-competitive practices. However, Iraq faces structural and legislative challenges that require urgent addressing.
Accordingly, the research seeks to provide a cognitive and policy contribution that deepens understanding of the preventive role of LegalTech and supporting Iraqi decision-makers in addressing current challenges, thereby fostering a fairer and more competitive economic environment.
Abstract
Debt structure is a crucial focal point in banking sector performance, as the distribution of debt between short-term and long-term affects financial risks and the market value of banks. Within the Iraqi economic environment undergoing structural transformations, analysing this impact emerges as a strategic tool to enhance banking stability and attract investments. This study provides an in-depth analytical perspective on the impact of debt structure dimensions (short-term, long-term, and total) on the performance of Iraqi commercial banks, based on comprehensive field data and advanced statistical models, to offer actionable recommendations. This study aimed to analyse the impact of debt structure dimensions (short-term debt, long-term debt, and total debt) on the market value of Iraqi commercial banks. The study adopted the descriptive-analytical approach. The study population comprised (366) individuals from top, middle, and executive management levels, utilizing a comprehensive survey method. A set of statistical tools was employed, including (percentages, frequencies, arithmetic means, standard deviations, factor loadings, and impact analysis), relying on the (SmartPLS.4) program for structural equation modelling. The results revealed a high level of the overall performance indicator for both debt structure and market value. Furthermore, they demonstrated a statistically significant impact of all debt structure dimensions on the market value of the banking sector under study. In light of the findings, the study recommended developing programs to issue medium/long-term bonds in partnership with the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI), allocating at least 20% of the credit portfolio to this type of financing to support infrastructure projects with stable returns.