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Article
The Role of Fourth-Generation Marketing in Competitive Intelligence: A Field Study at Al-Safeer Private Hospital

Sabah Wahab, Ibrahim Hasan, Saadoun Jathir

Pages: 01-09

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Abstract

The current research aims to understand the importance of the role and impact of Marketing 4.0 on competitive intelligence. The research problem was represented by an important question: "How can Marketing 4.0 impact competitive intelligence?" To explain the relationship between the main research variables, two main hypotheses were formulated for correlation and influence, from which sub-hypotheses were derived. To achieve the research objectives, a descriptive analytical approach was used to survey the opinions of employees at Al-Safir Private Hospital. The sample included (43) employees out of a total population of (50). The intentional sampling method was used, and their opinions were surveyed using a validated questionnaire. To analyze the data, the statistical programs SPSS and Excel were used. Among the statistical methods used were Spearman's correlation coefficient and simple linear regression coefficient.         

The research reached several conclusions, the most important of which is that Marketing 4.0 plays a role and impact on competitive intelligence, contributing to increasing the hospital's efficiency and level of application of soft skills, tools, and techniques of Marketing 4.0 in competitive intelligence.                                                       

Article
An exploratory study of the opinions of a sample of employees in retail stores in Iraq

Azhar Sehen

Pages: 197-205

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Abstract

Branding is a vital means of product identification and represents a fundamental aspect of marketing, distinguishing a company's products from those of its competitors and conferring a competitive advantage. This study aims to assess the extent to which Iraqi retail stores (BIG) value branding and their employees' awareness of its importance in achieving superiority and competitiveness. The study adopted a descriptive analytical approach, and data was collected through a random survey of 1,087 merchants in Baghdad. Statistical analysis was used (SPSS V.24). The results revealed a strong, positive relationship between branding and the dimensions of competitive advantage (cost, quality, flexibility), while the relationship was weak with the delivery dimension. The added value of the study lies in its focus on the variables of branding and competitive advantage, offering practical contributions to how to invest in branding to enhance competitive advantage and increase profits. This positively impacts the stores' positioning and ability to achieve goals in a competitive market.    

Article
The role of experimental marketing in enhancing customer confidence: A field study in Zayouna Mall

mohammed الخزرجي, Qutiba Abdul Ghafoor, Mustafa صالح

Pages: 92-72

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Abstract

The current research tries to test the nature of the relationship between experiential marketing in enhancing customer confidence and providing a model that can be applied in the Iraqi environment on a large scale. Formulating the research problem, expressed in the following question: Is there a relationship between experimental marketing and its dimensions in enhancing customer confidence? Therefore, the research seeks to study the sub-variables of experimental marketing and to show the extent of their contribution to gaining the customer's trust and to determine the type and nature of the relationship between experimental marketing and customer confidence. The researchers relied on the field study method and the descriptive analytical approach in completing the study and achieving its objectives. The researchers randomly sampled mall customers to conduct a survey of opinions using the questionnaire form, and the number of respondents reached (181) individuals. The data was analyzed using the spss v.26 statistical analysis program, and the structural equation was built by AMOS V.22. Appropriate statistical measures were used to test hypotheses. The research concluded that there is a relationship Impact and correlation between experiential marketing and customer confidence

Article
Circular production systems and their role in achieving sustainable competitive advantage: An analytical study of the opinions of a sample of employees at Bwer Company

Alaa Ahmed, Sally Ahmed

Pages: 203-213

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Abstract

     With increasing environmental pressures and resource scarcity, the transition from the linear “take-make-dispose” model to a circular production system (CPS) has become a strategic necessity for companies. This research addresses the circular production system not only as an environmental initiative, but also as a catalyst for achieving sustainable competitive advantage. The research aims to contribute to bridging the gap between organizational behavior literature and sustainability strategy, highlighting how employee perceptions at the micro and macro levels of the company influence competitive advantage, guided by the research question “How do Bwer employees view the role of circular production systems in building sustainable competitive advantage?” This research examines the perceptions of Bwer employees regarding the relationship between adopting a circular production system and enhancing competitive advantage. A descriptive analytical approach was used, with a structured questionnaire distributed to a targeted sample of 75 employees from various departments, such as operations, marketing, and research and development, using SPSS v.26 software. The results show strong perceived links between circular production systems and improved brand image, resource efficiency, and long-term cost savings through waste reduction and material reuse. However, the challenges identified include high initial costs, the complexity of reverse logistics, and a lack of understanding between different functions, particularly with regard to product innovation outside the research and development department. One of the most important recommendations of the research is to highlight the need to improve communication, training, and incentives to align employee efforts with circular production goals and fully achieve CPS objectives as a driver of lasting competitive success.

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Entrepreneurship Journal for Finance and Business

College of Business Economics at Al-Nahrain University

Print ISSN: 2708-8790 | Online ISSN: 2709-4251

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