Search Results for اوس Elguigati
Abstract
In many economic relations, there are correlations between variables that affect each other, including the reciprocal relationship between the budget deficit and exchange rate fluctuations, especially in developing countries, including Iraq, which suffer from problems in the general budget that may be chronic, and this deficit is caused by continuing In increasing public expenditures in exchange for a decrease in public revenues, especially that the Iraqi economy is almost completely dependent on the oil sector, And due to the fluctuation of oil prices and its impact on the volume of imports, which negatively affected the state’s general budget, the study included three main sections. The first topic represents the theoretical framework of the exchange rate and the public budget deficit, and the second topic is the relationship between the exchange rate and the general budget deficit in Iraq for the period (1990-2019). While the third topic dealt with the standard analysis of the relationship between the two variables mentioned above, the study concluded that there is a one-way causal relationship between the two variables of the model, where the exchange rate is due to a deficit in the public budget in the long term
Abstract
The issue of monetary policies and their role in achieving economic stability and economic growth aims at price stability as a primary goal, and with the diversity and development of monetary policy tools, it has become an important part of the comprehensive economic policy in countries in general. As a result of the serious negative effects of inflation and its reflection on the economy, economic policy makers worked on using monetary policy tools to address inflation by influencing the supply of money and demand for it in line with a set of economic goals and the prevailing economic conditions in the country concerned. Central banks have adopted the monetary policy tool and their implementation, as the Central Bank of Iraq worked to adopt a set of technical and legislative measures through its monetary tools to achieve stability in the general level of prices. The researcher aims to identify a more effective tool than the monetary policy tools in dealing with inflation in Iraq for the period 1991-2019. The results of the test showed that open market operations had an impact in the current year and the previous year on inflation. The researcher used the tools of modern standard and mathematical tests that would determine Factors affecting inflation, as the study used the NARDL model to separate the negative and positive differences for each variable, and then tested them on the dependent variable, and this is a somewhat modern method in standard tests.